WATER
RESOURCE CLASS X CHAPTER SOLUTION
Multiple choice questions:-
(i) Based on the information given below classify each of
the situations as 'suffering from water scarcity' or 'not suffering from water
scarcity'.
(a)
Region with high annual rainfall.
(b)
Region having high annual rainfall and large population.
(c)
Region having high annual rainfall but water is highly polluted.
(d)
Region having low rainfall and low population.
ANSWER
(a)
Not suffering from water scarcity
(b)
Suffering from water scarcity
(c)
Suffering from water scarcity
(d)
Not suffering from water scarcity
(ii) Which
one of the following statements is not an argument in favour of multi-purpose
river projects?
(a)
Multi-purpose projects bring water to those areas which suffer from water
scarcity.
(b)
Multi-purpose projects by regulating water flow help to control floods.
(c)
Multi-purpose projects lead to large scale displacements and loss of
livelihood.
(d)
Multi-purpose projects generate electricity for our industries and our homes.
(c)
Multi-purpose projects lead to large scale displacements and loss of
livelihood.
(iii) Here are some false statements. Identify the mistakes and rewrite
them correctly.
(a)
Multiplying urban centres with large and dense populations and urban lifestyles
have helped in proper utilisation of water resources.
(b)
Regulating and damming of rivers does not affect the river's natural flow and
its sediment flow.
(c)
In Gujarat, the Sabarmati basin farmers were not agitated when higher priority
was given to water supply in urban areas, particularly during droughts.
(d)
Today in Rajasthan, the practice of rooftop rainwater water harvesting has
gained popularity despite high water availability due to the Rajasthan Canal.
ANSWER
(a)
Multiplying urban centres with large and dense populations and urban lifestyles
have caused the over exploitation of water resources.
(b)
Regulating and damming of rivers affect their natural flow and causes the
sediment to settle at the bottom of the reservoir.
(c)
In Gujarat, the Sabarmati basin farmers were agitated when higher priority was
given to water supply in urban areas, particularly during droughts.
(d)
Today in Rajasthan, the practice of rooftop rainwater harvesting is on the
decline due to the Rajasthan canal.
2. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN ABOUT 30 WORDS.
(i)
Explain how water becomes a renewable resource.
(ii)
What is water scarcity and what are its main causes?
(iii)
Compare the advantages and disadvantages of multi-purpose river projects.
Answer
(i)
Water is a renewable resource as it is renewed by water cycle itself, where
three processes take place as evaporation, condensation and precipitation. This
process of water cycle is never ending and hence, water is a renewable
resource.
(ii)
Water scarcity or water stress occurs when water availability is not enough to
match the demand for water. It is caused by an increase in population, growing
demand for water, and unequal access to it.
(iii)
Multipurpose river projects help in irrigation, electricity production, flood
control, inland navigation and fish breeding. However, the reservoirs destroy
local flora and fauna. Many native villages are submerged, and people lose
their livelihood, with little or no hope of rehabilitation.
3. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN
ABOUT 120 WORDS.
(i)
Discuss how rainwater harvesting in semi-arid regions of Rajasthan is carried
out.
(ii)
Describe how modern adaptations of traditional rainwater harvesting methods are
being carried out to conserve and store water.
Answer
(i)
Houses in the semi arid regions of Rajasthan have traditionally constructed
tanks for storing drinking water. They are big and are a part of the
well-developed rooftop rainwater harvesting system. The tanks are constructed
inside the main house or the courtyard, and are connected to the sloping roofs
of the houses through a pipe. The rain falling on the rooftop travels down and
is stored in the tanks. The first spell of rain is not collected as this water
cleans the roof and the pipes. The rainwater from the subsequent spells is
collected. This water is used till the next rainy season, and is a reliable source
of water even after other sources have dried up. The tanks also help in cooling
the houses as rooms built around them have generally low temperatures due to
conduction.
(ii)
Traditional methods of rainwater harvesting like 'the rooftop method' are becoming
popular in India. In Gendathur village, Mysore, about 200 households have
adopted the rooftop rainwater harvesting method, thereby making the village
rich in rainwater. The state of Tamil Nadu has made it compulsory for all the
houses to have rooftop rainwater harvesting structures. Defaulters are severely
punished.
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